Cheebtsam Vuam (2): Vuam txheej txheem tsim nyog

1. Lub ntsiab lus tshwj xeeb rau cov txheej txheem kev ntsuam xyuas hauv paus ntawm kev tsim kho steel qauv kev lag luam

★ GB 50661

★ AWS D1.1

★ Eurocode

Vuam txheej txheem xeem (EN ISO 15614): Vuam txoj kev thiab kuaj ib tug qauv xeem vaj huam sib luag los txiav txim cov txheej txheem vuam.

Test welding consumables (EN ISO 15610): Cov txheej txheem rau kev txiav txim siab vuam txheej txheem los ntawm kev sim vuam consumables.

Yav dhau los Welding Experience (EN SIO 15611): Txoj kev tau txais cov txheej txheem vuam los ntawm kev ua qauv qhia txog kev muaj peev xwm vuam dhau los.

Cov txheej txheem vuam txheej txheem (EN ISO 15612): Txoj kev tau txais cov txheej txheem vuam siv cov txheej txheem vuam txheej txheem specifications.

Kev kuaj ua ntej vuam ua ntej (EN ISO 15613:) Txoj kev txiav txim siab vuam txheej txheem los ntawm kev xeem ua ntej vuam.

TS EN ISO 9018 Kev ntsuas kev puas tsuaj ntawm welds hauv cov khoom siv hlau - Ntu 1: Kev ntsuas tensile ntawm cov ntoo khaub lig thiab ceg tawv

★ JIS JASS6

2. Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm txhua qhov kev ntsuas txheej txheem kev ntsuas

2.1 Cov ntsiab lus thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm GB50661 cov txheej txheem ntsuas kev ntsuas

(1) Cov kev cai qhia meej txog qhov kev tsim nyog ntawm cov txheej txheem vuam uas yuav tsum tau ua, thiab hloov cov kev cai rau vuam txheej txheem tsim nyog;

(2) Cov txheej txheem vuam txheej txheem yuav tsum tau welded los ntawm cov kws txawj vuam cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv kev tsim kho;

(3 Lub hauv paus hlau muab faib ua plaub pawg raws li qib zog;

(4) Cov ntaub ntawv sib koom ua ke thiab kuaj cov qauv kev npaj;

(5) Kev zam los ntawm cov kev cai ntawm cov lus ntsuam xyuas:

① Cov txheej txheem vuam thiab vuam txoj haujlwm raug zam los ntawm kev tsim nyog

②Kev zam lub hauv paus hlau / muab tub lim hlau ua ke

③ Yam tsawg kawg preheating kub thiab interpass kub

④ Weld loj

⑤ Vuam txheej txheem tsis

⑥ Vuam kev sib koom ua ke

(6) Raws li cov kev cai ntawm qhov kev qhia tshwj xeeb no, vuam cov ntawv xeem, txiav cov qauv, thiab cov ntsuas ntsuas nrog cov ntawv pov thawj kev tsim nyog ntawm lub teb chaws kev txawj ntse thiab kev saib xyuas zoo yuav tsum ua kev sim thiab ntsuas.

Nta

(7) Welding txheej txheem tsim nyog yuav tsum tau soj ntsuam nyias rau nyias txoj kev vuam thiab vuam txoj hauj lwm;

(8) Cov qauv khoov ntev ntev tsis tau hais nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem kev sim khoov, thiab cov kab nrib pleb tshwm ntawm cov ces kaum tsis raug kho qhov txawv ntawm cov qauv tsim nyog;

(9) Tsis muaj kev npaj rau macroscopic metallographic xeem rau lub pob tw phaj.

2.2 Cov ntsiab lus thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm EN tus txheej txheem kev ntsuas kev ntsuas tshwj xeeb

(1) Lub hauv paus hlau pawg (EN 15608) tsis yog pab pawg los ntawm qee cov khoom siv tshwj xeeb, tab sis yog pawg los ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg muaj pes tsawg leeg, lub zog thiab cov khoom siv, kom cov hlau los ntawm ntau lub teb chaws tuaj yeem ua tau zoo nyob rau hauv pawg no hauv lub system, qhov kev pab cuam ntawm cov khoom siv tau nthuav dav.

(2) Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev soj ntsuam cov txheej txheem suav nrog: EN ISO 15614, EN ISO 15610, EN ISO 15611, EN ISO 15612, EN ISO 15613 Cov neeg siv tuaj yeem xaiv txoj hauv kev tsim nyog raws li lawv tus kheej qhov xwm txheej kom ua tau raws li qhov xav tau tshwj xeeb

(3) Cov lus qhia tshwj xeeb (EN ISO 15614-1) muaj feem xyuam rau cov txheej txheem vuam kev ntsuas kev ntsuas rau arc vuam ntawm cov qauv hlau muaj cov yam ntxwv hauv qab no:

① Cov txheej txheem tsim nyog thiab kev tsim nyog vuam;

② Kev tshuaj xyuas thiab ua pov thawj ntawm cov txheej txheem tsim nyog xeem;

③Standard xeem board

④ Kev them nyiaj ntawm txoj haujlwm vuam

⑤ Cov khoom ntawm cov txheej txheem kuaj: kev tshuaj xyuas qhov muag, RT lossis UT, kev tshuaj ntsuam xyuas qhov tawg (PT lossis MT), tensile, dabtsi yog khoov, hardness, cuam tshuam thiab macroscopic metallographic kuaj;

⑥ Cov kev xav tau rau kev sim khoov

⑦ Sampling txoj hauj lwm thiab cov qauv tsim nyog ntawm cov qauv cuam tshuam

2.3 AWSD1.1 Standard process evaluation specification content and features

(1) Kev txwv ntawm WPS kev zam los ntawm kev ntsuam xyuas:

① Vuam txoj kev

② Base hlau / muab tub lim hlau ua ke

③ Tsawg preheat kub thiab interpass kub

④ Cov kev txwv ntawm WPS Variants

⑤ Cov kev txwv ntawm kev sib koom ua ke loj thiab kev ua siab ntev

⑥ Fillet vuam

⑦ Kev kho cua sov tom qab vuam

(2) Qhov yuav tsum tau muaj rau WPS raug zam los ntawm kev ntsuas:

① Cov kev cai dav dav

② Cov kev cai tshwj xeeb

(2) Cov kev qhia tshwj xeeb tsis xav tau kev tsim nyog rau cov vuam siv vuam uas ua cov txheej txheem vuam tsim nyog;

(3) Lub hauv paus hlau yog graded raws li ASTM, ABS thiab API specifications;

(4) Cov txheej txheem vuam uas tuaj yeem raug zam los ntawm kev tsim nyog tau teev tseg thiab cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws tau tsim, thiab cov txheej txheem hlau ntawm cov txheej txheem tsim nyog tau raug zam tsuas yog rau cov teev hauv cov lus qhia tshwj xeeb;

(5) Kev tsim nyog ntawm cov txheej txheem vuam yuav tsum raug soj ntsuam nyias rau nyias txoj kev vuam.Ntawm lawv, GMAW kuj tau teev cov kev hloov pauv hloov pauv.Nws yog tseeb hais tias GMAW-S ntawm luv luv-circuit hloov lwm lub tsev yog ib tug ywj siab vuam txoj kev thiab yuav tsum tau soj ntsuam nyias, uas yog raws li EN specification;

(6) Qhov kev pab cuam ntawm vuam txoj hauj lwm kuj tau hais meej meej hauv cov lus qhia, uas yog nruj dua li EN specification;

(7) Cov ntaub ntawv sib koom ua ke thiab kuaj cov qauv kev npaj;

3. Cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev tsim nyog hauv cov txheej txheem vuam yog dab tsi?

Tshooj 4 ntawm AWSD1.1:2015 suav nrog ob txoj kev vuam, "kev zam" thiab "kev tsim nyog" cov txheej txheem;tshooj no kuj suav nrog cov txuj ci tsim nyog uas yuav tsum tau muaj rau cov vuam, cov neeg ua haujlwm vuam thiab cov chaw vuam.Raws li AWS D1.1: 2015 Tshooj 3 ntawm "Cov Txheej Txheem Kev zam", hauv qhov txuas kev zam, tsis tas yuav sim cov txheej txheem vuam ntawm cov haujlwm tshwj xeeb.Txawm li cas los xij, AWS D1.1: 2015 Tshooj 4.19 hais tias qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov no yuav tsum raug kuaj los ntawm cov txheej txheem vuam.Kev ntsuas cov txheej txheem vuam yog siv sijhawm ntev thiab raug nqi.Yog tias cov pob qij txha welded ntawm txoj haujlwm dhau los tau raug sim, thaum cov pob qij txha zoo sib xws tau tshwm sim hauv txoj haujlwm tshiab, cov pob qij txha tshiab yuav tsum tau rov kuaj dua.Ib yam li ntawd, cov ntaub ntawv cog lus qee zaum qhia tias haphazardly siv cov txheej txheem zam rau cov kws tshaj lij vuam tuaj yeem ua rau tus nqi ntawm cov txheej txheem vuam tag nrho.AWS D1.1:2015 Tshooj 4.19 hais tias: Ntau cov ntaub ntawv sau qhia tau hais tias kev tsim nyog-xws li kev sib koom tes vuam cov txheej txheem tau txais yam tsis muaj kev tsim nyog dua.Tsis tas li ntawd, cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj ntawm kev zam los ntawm kev tsim nyog rau cov khoom siv vuam, cov neeg ua haujlwm vuam, thiab cov khoom siv vuam tshuab tuaj yeem lees txais yam tsis muaj kev rov ua dua tshiab, muab cov ntaub ntawv sau tseg no tau teev tseg hauv AWS D1.1:2015 Tshooj 4.24.nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm validity

4. Cov kev xav tau ntawm txhua qhov kev qhia tshwj xeeb rau cov txheej txheem kev tsim nyog

4.1 GB50661 Cov Lus Qhia rau Kev Ntsuas Kev Ntsuas Cov Khoom

4.2 Cov kev xav tau ntawm EN cov qauv rau cov txheej txheem kev tsim nyog cov khoom xeem

4.3 AWS Standard Requirements for Process Evaluation Test Items

4.4 Kev sib piv ntawm qhov sib txawv specifications rau cov txheej txheem yuav tsum tau xeem

Kuaj qhov project sib piv

Khoov xeem kev sib piv

Impact test piv

4.5 Vuam txheej txheem tsim nyog kev pab them nqi

Lub thickness ntawm lub xeem daim ntawv tsim nyog rau GB kev ntsuam xyuas thiab lub thickness muaj feem xyuam rau qhov project

(1) Rau cov kav dej uas muaj txoj kab uas hla sab nraud tsawg dua 600mm, txoj kab uas hla yuav tsum tsis txhob tsawg dua li ntawm txoj kab uas hla ntawm cov txheej txheem ntsuas cov kav dej;

Rau cov kav dej nrog ib txoj kab nruab nrab ntawm ≥600mm, txoj kab uas hla yog ntau dua lossis sib npaug li 600mm.

(2) Cov txheej txheem vuam tsim nyog rau cov pob qij txha ntawm cov phaj thiab cov kav dej uas muaj lub taub sab nraud tsis pub tsawg dua 600mm tuaj yeem hloov tau rau ib leeg.

(3) Qhov kev ntsuam xyuas ntawm txoj kab rov tav vuam txoj hauj lwm tuaj yeem hloov qhov vuam txoj hauj lwm ncaj nraim, tab sis tsis hloov pauv (tshwj tsis yog rau cov vuam vuam).Vertical thiab ntsug vuam txoj haujlwm thiab

Lwm txoj haujlwm vuam tsis sib hloov.

(4) Ib-tog welding tag nrho cov sib koom ua ke nrog cov phaj nraub qaum thiab tsis muaj phaj rov qab tsis tuaj yeem hloov tau;

Hloov pauv tau;pads ntawm cov khoom sib txawv yog tsis sib hloov.

Kev ntsuam xyuas ISO EN suav nrog cov qauv tsim nyog thiab cov qauv tsim nyog

Kev ntsuam xyuas AWS suav nrog qhov tsim nyog cov qauv tuab thiab engineering siv thickness

4.6 Kev hloov pauv ntawm cov txheej txheem vuam txheej txheem tsim nyog thiab kev sib piv ntawm cov kev ntsuas rov qab

5. Lub sijhawm txwv rau kev tsim cov txheej txheem vuam

Raws li cov ntaub ntawv qhia tseem ceeb rau kev ua haujlwm vuam, qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev tsim cov txheej txheem vuam yog qhov tseeb ntawm tus kheej.Txawm hais tias txhua qhov haujlwm thiab kev ua tiav ntawm ib qho qauv, cov txheej txheem vuam tsim nyog yuav tsum raug xa mus rau tus tswv lossis tus kws saib xyuas kev saib xyuas thiab kev pom zoo ua ntej pib qhov project vuam.Txij li cov txheej txheem vuam kev soj ntsuam suav nrog kev ntsuas phaj vuam, kev ntsuas kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov tshuab (tshuaj lom neeg), kev tshaj tawm kev tshaj tawm, cov neeg saib xyuas cov pov thawj thiab lwm yam txuas, tus nqi kuj yog siab heev.Raws li ib tug zoo-tsim enterprise, yuav muaj ib tug database ntawm welding txheej txheem tsim nyog.Ua ntej pib txoj haujlwm tshiab, cov txheej txheem tsim nyog yuav raug xaiv los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv raws li qhov project lub phaj thickness, lub hauv paus hlau, vuam consumables thiab lwm yam kom txo tau cov nqi thiab txuag nyiaj.sij hawm.Feem ntau cov engineers tsis xyuam xim rau lub sij hawm siv tau ntawm cov txheej txheem kev ntsuam xyuas, uas ua rau qhov kev ntsuam xyuas xa mus tas sij hawm thiab ncua sij hawm xa cov ntaub ntawv.

Daim ntawv no qhia txog lub sijhawm siv tau ntawm cov txheej txheem vuam tsim nyog ntawm cov qauv sib txawv.

1. American Standard – AWS D 1.1

American Standard tau teev tseg tias cov txheej txheem dhau los ntawm cov txheej txheem tsim nyog siv tau thiab tsis muaj sijhawm txwv.

2. European Standard - EN 1090-2

1.1 Lub sijhawm ncua sijhawm 1-3 xyoos

Cov ntaub ntawv qib siab dua S355 yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas cov khoom ua haujlwm kom paub tseeb.Kev kuaj thiab tshuaj xyuas yuav tsum muaj xws li cov tsos, radiographic lossis ultrasonic, sib nqus particle lossis infiltration, macroscopic metallography thiab hardness.

1.2 Kev sib tshuam rau ntau tshaj 3 xyoos

a) Rau cov hlau ntawm S355 thiab hauv qab no, xaiv cov macroscopic metallography rau kev sim.

b) Rau steel saum S355, rov ntsuas dua.

3. National Standard – GB 50661

Tsuas yog cov pob qij txha tuaj yeem raug zam los ntawm kev ntsuam xyuas, lub sijhawm siv tau yog 5 xyoos rau cov qauv steel qauv ntawm vuam nyuaj qib A, B thiab C. Rau steel qauv tej yaam num nrog vuam nyuaj theem D, cov txheej txheem vuam yuav tsum tau ua. raws li qhov project.