Vuam yog txheej txheem uas ob los yog ntau hom ntawm tib los yog sib txawv cov ntaub ntawv tau koom ua ke los ntawm kev sib txuas thiab diffusion ntawm atoms los yog molecules
Txoj kev los txhawb kev sib txuas thiab kev sib txawv ntawm cov atoms thiab cov molecules yog cua sov los yog nias, los yog cua sov thiab nias tib lub sijhawm
Classification ntawm vuam
Hlau vuam tuaj yeem muab faib ua fusion vuam, siab vuam thiab brazing raws li tus yam ntxwv ntawm nws cov txheej txheem
Nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm fusion vuam, yog hais tias cov huab cua nyob rau hauv ncaj qha kev sib cuag nrog lub high-kub molten pas dej ua ke, cov pa oxygen nyob rau hauv cov huab cua yuav oxidize hlau thiab ntau yam alloy ntsiab.Nitrogen thiab dej vapor nyob rau hauv cov huab cua yuav nkag mus rau hauv lub pas dej ua ke, thiab cov teeb meem xws li pores, slag inclusions thiab tawg yuav raug tsim nyob rau hauv lub weld thaum lub sij hawm tom ntej txias txheej txheem, uas yuav deteriorate qhov zoo thiab kev ua tau zoo ntawm weld.
Txhawm rau txhim kho qhov vuam zoo, ntau txoj kev tiv thaiv tau tsim.Piv txwv li, gas shielded arc vuam yog cais cov huab cua nrog argon, carbon dioxide thiab lwm yam gases los tiv thaiv lub arc thiab pas dej ua ke thaum vuam;Piv txwv li, thaum welding hlau, ntxiv ferrotitanium hmoov nrog siab oxygen affinity rau electrode txheej rau deoxidation tuaj yeem tiv thaiv cov khoom muaj txiaj ntsig xws li manganese thiab silicon hauv electrode los ntawm oxidation thiab nkag mus rau hauv lub pas dej molten, thiab tau txais cov welds zoo tom qab txias.
Lub rooj ntev zaum hom txias vuam tshuab
Qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm ntau txoj kev vuam siab yog siv lub zog thaum vuam yam tsis muaj cov ntaub ntawv sau.Feem ntau cov txheej txheem vuam, xws li diffusion vuam, vuam vuam ntau zaus thiab txias siab vuam, tsis muaj txheej txheem melting, yog li tsis muaj teeb meem zoo li melting vuam, xws li hlawv cov khoom siv hlau thiab ntxeem tau cov khoom tsis zoo rau hauv vuam, uas. ua kom yooj yim rau cov txheej txheem vuam thiab txhim kho kev nyab xeeb thiab kev noj qab haus huv ntawm vuam.Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, vim tias cov cua kub kub qis dua li ntawm fusion vuam thiab lub sij hawm cua sov yog luv dua, qhov kub cuam tshuam rau cheeb tsam me me.Ntau cov ntaub ntawv uas nyuaj rau welded los ntawm fusion welding feem ntau yog siab welded rau hauv cov pob qij txha zoo nrog tib lub zog zoo li lub hauv paus hlau.
Qhov sib koom ua ke tsim thaum lub sij hawm vuam thiab txuas ob lub cev txuas nrog yog hu ua weld.Thaum lub sij hawm vuam, ob sab ntawm lub vuam yuav raug cuam tshuam los ntawm vuam kub, thiab cov qauv thiab cov khoom yuav hloov.Thaj chaw no hu ua tshav kub cuam tshuam.Thaum vuam, cov khoom siv ua haujlwm, cov khoom siv vuam thiab vuam tam sim no txawv.Yuav kom deteriorate lub weldability, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los kho qhov vuam tej yam kev mob.Preheating, txuag hluav taws xob thaum vuam thiab tom qab vuam kev kho cua sov ntawm qhov sib txuas ntawm vuam ua ntej vuam tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov vuam zoo ntawm qhov vuam.
Tsis tas li ntawd, welding yog ib lub zos ceev ceev cua sov thiab txias txheej txheem.Qhov chaw vuam tsis tuaj yeem nthuav dav thiab cog lus ywj pheej vim muaj kev txwv ntawm lub cev ua haujlwm ib puag ncig.Tom qab txias, vuam kev nyuaj siab thiab deformation yuav tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub vuam.Cov khoom tseem ceeb yuav tsum tau tshem tawm cov kev ntxhov siab vuam thiab kho qhov vuam deformation tom qab vuam.
Niaj hnub no welding tshuab tau tuaj yeem tsim cov welds uas tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam sab hauv thiab sab nraud thiab cov khoom siv sib npaug sib npaug los yog siab dua li ntawm lub cev sib txuas.Qhov kev sib koom ua ke ntawm lub cev welded hauv qhov chaw yog hu ua welded joint.Lub zog ntawm kev sib koom tes tsis yog tsuas yog cuam tshuam los ntawm qhov zoo ntawm cov vuam, tab sis kuj muaj feem xyuam rau nws cov geometry, qhov loj me, kev ntxhov siab thiab kev ua haujlwm.Cov ntaub ntawv yooj yim ntawm cov pob qij txha muaj xws li pob qij txha, pob qij txha, T-joint (zoo sib koom tes) thiab lub kaum sab xis.
Qhov kev sib txuas ntawm lub taub qab sib txuas yog nyob ntawm qhov tuab ntawm lub cev welded ua ntej vuam thiab daim ntawv zawj ntawm ob qhov sib txuas.Thaum welding thicker steel daim hlau, grooves ntawm ntau yam duab yuav tsum raug txiav ntawm cov npoo rau kev nkag mus, yog li ntawd vuam rods los yog hlau yuav yooj yim pub rau hauv. Cov ntaub ntawv zawj muaj xws li ib sab vuam zawj thiab ob sab vuam zawj.Thaum xaiv daim ntawv zawj, ntxiv rau kom ntseeg tau tias muaj kev nkag mus rau tag nrho, cov yam ntxwv xws li vuam yooj yim, cov hlau tsis tshua muaj hlau, cov vuam me me deformation thiab cov nqi qis qis yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab.
Thaum ob lub phaj hlau nrog cov tuab sib txawv yog butted, txhawm rau kom tsis txhob muaj kev ntxhov siab loj heev los ntawm kev hloov pauv hauv ntu ntu, cov phaj tuab feem ntau maj mam ua kom tiav qhov sib npaug ntawm ob sab sib koom ua ke.Lub zog zoo li qub thiab qaug zog ntawm pob qij txha yog siab dua li ntawm lwm cov pob qij txha.Vuam ntawm pob tw yog feem ntau nyiam rau kev sib txuas nyob rau hauv alternating thiab cuam tshuam loads los yog nyob rau hauv qis-kub thiab high-pressure hlab ntsha.
Lub puab tsaig yog ib qho yooj yim los npaj ua ntej welding, yooj yim rau kev sib sau ua ke, thiab me me hauv vuam deformation thiab residual stress.Yog li ntawd, nws yog feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv qhov chaw installation pob qij txha thiab cov qauv tsis tseem ceeb.Feem ntau hais lus, lap joints tsis haum rau kev ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv alternating load, corrosive nruab nrab, kub los yog tsawg kub.
Kev siv T-joints thiab lub kaum sab xis yog feem ntau yog vim kev xav tau ntawm cov qauv.Cov yam ntxwv ua haujlwm ntawm qhov tsis tiav fillet welds ntawm T-joints zoo ib yam li cov pob qij txha.Thaum lub weld yog perpendicular mus rau cov kev taw qhia ntawm sab nraud quab yuam, nws yuav ua tau ib tug pem hauv ntej fillet weld, thiab cov nto ntawm weld yuav ua rau kev nyuaj siab concentration nyob rau hauv sib txawv degrees;Qhov kev ntxhov siab ntawm fillet weld nrog kev nkag mus tag nrho yog zoo ib yam li ntawm pob tw.
Lub peev xwm ntawm lub kaum sab xis yog qhov tsawg, thiab nws feem ntau tsis siv ib leeg.Nws tuaj yeem txhim kho tsuas yog thaum muaj kev nkag mus rau tag nrho lossis thaum muaj fillet welds sab hauv thiab sab nraud.Nws feem ntau yog siv rau ntawm kaum ntawm cov qauv kaw.
Welded khoom yog sib dua li riveted qhov chaw, castings thiab forgings, uas yuav txo tau cov tuag yuag thiab txuag lub zog rau tsheb thauj mus los.Lub vuam muaj cov khoom sib khi zoo thiab tsim nyog rau kev tsim khoom ntim ntau yam.Kev txhim kho ntawm kev sib koom ua haujlwm thev naus laus zis, uas sib txuas cov vuam nrog forging thiab casting, tuaj yeem ua kom loj, kev lag luam thiab tsim nyog casting thiab vuam cov qauv thiab forging thiab vuam cov qauv, nrog cov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm kev lag luam.Cov txheej txheem vuam tuaj yeem siv tau cov ntaub ntawv zoo, thiab cov qauv vuam siv tau cov khoom siv nrog cov khoom sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv, yog li muab kev ua si tag nrho rau qhov zoo ntawm ntau yam ntaub ntawv thiab ua tiav kev lag luam thiab zoo.Vuam tau dhau los ua ib qho tseem ceeb thiab tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua cov txheej txheem hauv kev lag luam niaj hnub no.
Nyob rau hauv niaj hnub hlau ua, vuam tsim tom qab casting thiab forging, tab sis nws tsim sai heev.Qhov hnyav ntawm cov qauv welded suav txog li 45% ntawm cov khoom siv hlau, thiab feem ntau ntawm txhuas thiab aluminium alloy welded qauv kuj nce.
Rau cov txheej txheem vuam yav tom ntej, ntawm ib sab, cov txheej txheem vuam tshiab, cov khoom siv vuam thiab cov khoom siv vuam yuav tsum tau tsim los txhim kho cov vuam zoo thiab kev nyab xeeb thiab kev ntseeg tau, xws li kev txhim kho cov vuam siv hluav taws xob uas twb muaj lawm xws li arc, plasma arc, electron. teeb thiab laser;Siv cov cuab yeej siv hluav taws xob thiab kev tswj hwm thev naus laus zis, txhim kho cov txheej txheem kev ua haujlwm ntawm arc, thiab txhim kho txoj kev txhim khu kev qha thiab lub teeb pom kev arc.
Ntawm qhov tod tes, peb yuav tsum txhim kho qib ntawm vuam tshuab thiab automation, xws li kev paub txog kev tswj hwm kev tswj hwm thiab digital tswj cov tshuab vuam;Tsim ib lub tshuab vuam tshwj xeeb uas automates tag nrho cov txheej txheem los ntawm kev npaj cov txheej txheem, vuam mus rau kev soj ntsuam zoo;Nyob rau hauv lub tshuab vuam tsis siv neeg cov kab ntau lawm, kev nce qib thiab nthuav dav ntawm cov lej tswj vuam robots thiab vuam robots tuaj yeem txhim kho cov vuam ntau lawm thiab txhim kho vuam kev noj qab haus huv thiab kev nyab xeeb.
Post lub sij hawm: Sep-02-2022